Concussion Management

What is an Acute Concussion?

An acute concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that typically occurs due to a blow to the head or body, causing the brain to move rapidly within the skull. This sudden movement can result in various physiological changes in the brain, such as chemical imbalances and alterations in neural activity.

Common causes of acute concussions include car accidents, falls, sports-related injuries, and physical assaults. It’s important to note that concussions can occur without a direct impact to the head if there is a forceful jolt to the body that causes the head to move rapidly.

It’s crucial to seek medical attention if someone is suspected of having a concussion. A healthcare professional can assess the severity of the injury, provide appropriate concussion management strategies, and advise on the necessary rest and recovery measures.

The management of concussions often involves cognitive and physical rest during the initial stages. Gradual reintroduction of activities and monitoring of symptoms are essential for a safe and effective recovery. In some cases, more severe concussions may require specialized medical care.

It’s worth noting that repeated concussions can have cumulative and potentially long-term effects on brain health, emphasizing the importance of proper management and prevention strategies, especially in contact sports and high-risk activities. Always consult with healthcare professionals for personalized advice and care regarding concussion injuries.

Symptoms of Acute Concussion

Symptoms may vary but can include:

- Headache

- Confusion

- Dizziness or lightheadedness

- Nausea or vomiting

- Fatigue

- Blurred or double vision

- Sensitivity to light or noise

- Difficulty concentrating or remembering

Post-Concussion Syndrome (PCS)

Post-concussion syndrome is a condition where the symptoms of a concussion persist for an extended period beyond what is considered the normal recovery time. It is typically diagnosed when symptoms continue for weeks to months after the initial injury.

The exact cause of post-concussion syndrome is not fully understood, and it can affect individuals differently. Factors such as the severity of the initial concussion, pre-existing health conditions, and psychological factors may contribute to the development and persistence of symptoms.

It’s essential for individuals experiencing persistent symptoms after a concussion to seek medical attention for a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate management. The guidance of healthcare professionals, including neurologists, rehabilitation specialists, and mental health professionals, is important for a tailored and effective treatment plan.

Symptoms:

The symptoms of post-concussion syndrome can vary but often include:

- Headaches: Persistent or recurrent headaches are a common symptom.

- Dizziness and Vertigo: Feeling lightheaded or experiencing a spinning sensation.

- Fatigue: A sense of ongoing tiredness or low energy levels.

- Cognitive Difficulties: Problems with concentration, memory, and other cognitive functions.

- Sleep Disturbances: Difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing changes in sleep patterns.

- Mood Changes: Anxiety, irritability, depression, or other mood disturbances.

Managing PCS

Management of post-concussion syndrome often involves a multidisciplinary approach, including:

- Rest and Gradual Return to Activity: Adequate rest during the acute phase of the injury is important. As symptoms improve, a gradual return to normal activities may be recommended.

- Symptom Management: Medications may be prescribed to address specific symptoms such as headaches or sleep disturbances.

- Cognitive Rehabilitation: Strategies to improve cognitive function and manage cognitive difficulties may be implemented.

- Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation exercises and physical therapy may be beneficial, especially if there are balance or coordination issues.

- Psychological Support: Addressing mood disturbances and providing psychological support can be crucial in managing the overall well-being of individuals with post-concussion syndrome.

Proactive Care

The prevailing approach for concussion management often involves a “wait-and-see” strategy, hoping that post-concussive symptoms will naturally subside. This is a critical error. There are numerous proactive interventions available during the acute and post-acute phases that can accelerate recovery and minimize the likelihood of negative consequences. This is Cobblestone Medicine and Rehab’s area of expertise. Our clinic offers advanced, evidence-based interventions that are proactive in nature, effectively mitigating the risks associated with concussions.